There are three degrees of Comparison :-
1.Positive Degree
2.Comparative Degree
3.Superlative Degree
1.Positive Degree :- When an adjective or adverb is in its simple form , it is said to be in the positive degree .
e.g.- good, old , fat,big,sweet,strong,slowly , etc.
2.Comparative Degree :- When n adjective or adverb is used to compare the qualities of two persons or things together , it is said to be in the comparative degree .
e.g.-better,older,bigger,stronger,more slowly ,etc.
3.Superlative Degree :- When an adjective or adverb is used to compare the qualities of three or more than three persons or things together , it is said to be in the superlative degree .
e.g.-best,oldest,biggest,sweetest, strongest,most slowly , etc.
Formation of comparative and superlative degrees .
1.एक syllable के अधिकांश adjectives or adverbs में er/r add करके Comparative तथा est/st जोड़कर Superlative बनाया जाता है ।
e.g.:-
Posit. Compara. Superla.
Small Smaller Smallest
Tall Taller Tallest
Young Younger Youngest
Kind Kinder Kindest
Fast Faster Fastest
Loud Louder Loudest
High Higher Highest
Strong Stronger Strongest
Poor Poorer Poorest
2.जब positive एक syllable का रहता है ,अंत में एक consonant and उसके पहले एक vowel रहता है ,तब er/est लगाने से पहले अंत वाले consonant को double कर दिया जाता है । e.g.-
Red Redder Reddest
Big Bigger Biggest
Thin Thinner Thinnest
Hot Hotter Hottest
Fat Fatter Fattest
Sad Sadder Saddest
etc.
3.अगर positive degree के adjective का अंत consonant + y से होता है , तब y को i में बदलने के बाद er जोड़कर comparative and est जोड़कर superlative बनाया जाता है । e.g.-
Happy Happier Happiest Easy Easier Easiest
Heavy Heavier Heaviest
Dry Drier Driest
Holy Holier Holiest
Wealthy Wealthier Wealthiest
etc.
4.ऐसे adverbs जिनके अंत में ly होते हैं , उनके comparative और superlative more and most लगाकर बनाते हैं।e.g.-
Beautifully More beautifully
Most beautifully
Carefully More carefully Most carefully
Wisely More wisely Most wisely etc .
5.तीन या तीन से अधिक syllable वाले adjectives में more and most लगाकर comparative and superlative बनाया जाता है ।e.g.-
Beautiful. More beautiful most beautiful
Intelligent. More intelligent Most intelligent
Proper. More proper. Most proper
Laborious. More laborious. Most laborious , etc.
6.कुछ adjectives/adverbs ऐसे हैं जिनके comparative and superlative degree में नये words आते हैं । ऐसे adjectives/adverbs के तीनों forms को याद कर लेना होता है।e.g.:-
Irregular Comparison (Adjective)
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Much/Many More Most
Little Less Least
Old Elder Eldest
( For people only)
Old Older Oldest
( For people and things)
( Adverbs)
Badly Worse Worst
Well Better Best
Much Less Least etc.
7.बहुत सारे adverbs and adjectives ऐसे हैं जिनका use comparative and superlative degree में नहीं होता है।
e.g.:- now,then,where,once,there,here,round,square,right,wrong, etc.
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