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"Number"

Number:- A word that tells the number of noun or pronoun , is called number in grammar.

e.g.-boy - boys, car-cars,I-we,me-us etc.
There are two kinds of number:-

  1.Singular 

  2.Plural

* Singular:-A noun that denotes one person,place or thing is called the singular number.

e.g.-cow,boy,cat,man,boy,car,pen etc.

* Plural :-A noun that denotes more than one person,place or thing is called the plural number.

e.g.-cows,dogs,cats,men,boys etc.

Rules for changing the singular into plural :-

1.Singular number के अंत मे प्रायः "s" जोड़कर plural बनाया जाता है । 
e.g.-boy - boys.         book -books 
       pen - pens          tree - trees
       cow - cows.        table - tables
        house - houses. school-schools 
        animal -animals ant - ants etc.
2.जिस singular noun के अंत में ch,sh,s,x
रहता है ,उसमें 'es' जोड़कर plural बनाया जाता है। e.g.-bench-benches , bush-bushes,inch-inches,dish-dishes,bus-buses,church-churches,fish-fishes ,gas-gases etc.

Note:-जब ch का उच्चारण 'क' होता है ,तब मात्र 's' जोड़कर plural बनाया जाता है ।
e.g.-stomach - stomachs,monarch-monarchs etc.
3.जब noun के अंत मे y रहता है और y से पहले vowel , तब केवल 's' जोड़कर plural बनाया जाता है ।
e.g.-boy-boys,way-ways,toy-toys,key-keys,donkey-donkeys,monkey-monkeys,ray-rays,day-days etc.
4. जब noun के अंत मे y रहता है और y के पहले कोई consonant रहता है , तब y को हटाकर 'ies' जोड़कर plural बनाते है ।
e.g.-baby-babies,body-bodies,fly-fliez,lady-ladies,city-cities,story-stories,army-armies etc.
5. जब noun के अंत मे o रहता है और o के पहले कोई consonant ,तब 'es'जोड़कर plural बनाया जाता है ।
e.g.-hero-heroes,tomato-tomatoes,mango-mangoes,buffalo-buffaloes,potato-potatoes etc.
6.जब noun के अंत मे o रहता है और o के पहले कोई vowel ,तब 's' जोड़कर plural बनाते है। e.g.-radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,flip-flops,cuckoo-cuckoos etc.
7.जब noun के अंंत मे f या fe रहता है,तब plural बनाने के लिए f/feको  v मे बदलकर 'es' जोड़ते है ।
e.g.-wife-wives,half-halves,life-lives,knife-knives,thief-thieves,shelf-shelves etc.
Some Exceptions :-proof-proofs,cliff-cliffs,roof-roofs,safe-safes,hoof-hoofs,chief-chiefs
8.कुछ Nouns के आंतरिक vowels को परिवर्तित कर plural बनाते है । e.g.-man - men,tooth-teeth,woman-women,mouse-mice,foot-feet,goose-geese etc.
9.कुछ noun मे en जोड़कर plural बनाते हैं। e.g.- ox - oxen, child - children etc
10.Compound Nouns का plural उनके मुख्य शब्द को plural बनाने से होता है । e.g.- son-in-law-sons-in-law,father-in-law-fathers-in-law,stepson-stepsons,grandfather-grandfathers,   boy frind-boyfrinds etc
11.       कुछ noun के singular और plural forms एक ही होते हैं ।
e.g-  sheep ,deer,pice,police,innings,series etc  
इसे one sheep , five sheep , two deer etc
12.कुछ noun का प्रयोग सिर्फ plural number में ही होता है ।
e.g.- alms,athletics,riches,scissors,trousers,tongs,cards,thanks,ashes etc.
13.कुछ  Nouns देखने में  singular लगते हैं परंतु वास्तव में वे Plural Number में होते हैं ।e.g.-children , people ,public etc.
14.कुछ  Noun का प्रयोग सिर्फ Singular Number में ही होता है ।
e.g.- poetry,scenery,furniture,tea,coffee,money,music,knowledge,politics advice,physics etc.

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